1. The following statements about lipid disorders in diabetics are true except:
   
1. Among patients with type 2 diabetes hypertriglyceridemia is the most commonly found lipid abnormality
2. In Type 1 diabetics the serum lipid concentrations are not different from those of normal individuals.
3. For the same lipoprotein concentrations in the blood diabetics have more coronary events than non diabetics
4. The hyperlipidemia of diabetics is characterized by presence of large dense LDL particles.

Answer: The answer is (d). The hyperlipidemia of diabetics is characterized by the presence of small dense LDL. Individuals can be classified according to their predominant LDL size into one of three phenotypic patterns on gradient gel electrophoresis:

Phenotype pattern A — Large particle size, 26.3 nm in diameter

Phenotype pattern B — Small particle size, <25.8 nm in diameter

Phenotype pattern I — Intermediate particle size (mixed distribution), 25.8 to 26.3 nm in diameter

Small, dense LDL particles (phenotype B) are associated with increased serum concentrations of apo B and triglycerides, reduced serum HDL (show figure 2), and an increase risk of CHD (see below).