CARDIOLOGY

Distinguish left ventricular hypertrophy, right ventricular hypertrophy, left bundle branch block, and right bundle branch block on the basis of electrocardiographic. history, and physical examination manifestations.

Explanation:

Since one is not expected to interpret the echocardiogram, the ECG and clinical findings must be known.

LVH-voltage criteria,sv1 + rv5 >35,LAD,P wave biphasic in v2, R1.13 ,R in AVL.11. R in AVL is more specific but less sensitive. History of hypertension or valvular problems (aortic stenosis which gives a sustained heave at the PMI ie apex beat/Point of maximal impulse),

RVH -RV1, RAD ,Parasternal heave,subcostal impulse

LBBB-no S-wave in V6 + QRS broad > 0.12 sec. reverse split S2

RBBB -RV1,split S2 (wide but not fixed)